The Nuremberg Code

Key Protections

Seven Protections for Every Participant

The key protections for participants set out in the Nuremberg Code still shape how ethical research is conducted today.

2

Research must be meaningful

Studies are conducted only when they are expected to benefit society and advance medical knowledge.

3

Unnecessary harm is not allowed

Research should avoid physical or mental suffering whenever possible.

4

Studies are carefully tested first

Research is based on prior scientific and laboratory evidence before involving people.

5

Qualified doctors and researchers conduct the study

Only trained and experienced professionals are allowed to run research studies.

6

You can withdraw at any time

You have the right to leave a study at any point, without penalty or loss of care.

7

Your safety comes first

Researchers must stop the study if it becomes unsafe for participants.

Still Protecting You Today

From 1947 to Our Clinical Research Centre

These protections live on in the practices that guide every study at KG Hospital.

Nuremberg Code protectionHow it is reflected in our practice
Your consent is essential→Informed Consent Process — documented, voluntary and ongoing
Research must be meaningful · Studies are carefully tested first→Phases of Clinical Trials — each phase builds on prior evidence
Qualified doctors and researchers conduct the study→ICH E6(R3) GCP — trials conducted by qualified individuals
You can withdraw at any time→Participant Rights — leave without affecting your regular care
Unnecessary harm is not allowed · Your safety comes first→SAE Reporting and Compensation — safety monitoring and care for trial-related injury
Foundations of Research Ethics

Where Modern Research Ethics Began

1947

The Nuremberg Code

Established voluntary consent as essential in research involving people.

1964

Declaration of Helsinki

International standards for ethical medical research, created by doctors.

Read more →
1978

The Belmont Report

Three core principles: Respect for Persons, Beneficence and Justice.

Read more →
Resources

Learn More

Download this guide, or explore the other ethical guidelines that protect participants at KG Hospital.

Download Guide (PDF) Declaration of Helsinki The Belmont Report Contact the Team